The evidence behind the guides
Sources Find a study, check what it supports, and follow it back to a concern.
TopicAll topics Data Integrity & Provenance Model Performance & Reliability Security & Adversarial Risk Transparency, Explainability & Accountability Agentic & Multi-Agent Risks Infrastructure, Compute & Deployment Environmental & Physical Footprint Discrimination, Fairness & Toxicity Privacy & Surveillance Misinformation, Manipulation & Democracy Malicious Use & Weaponization Human–Computer Interaction Harms Health, Safety & Care Labor, Work & the Economy Education & Knowledge Inequality, Access & Power Culture, Identity & Values Governance & Regulation Rights, Law & Justice Corporate & Enterprise Concerns Power Concentration & Geopolitics AI System Safety & Alignment Catastrophic & Existential Risk CollectionAll sources Cited in concern guides Topic reading Research tools & guidance
Sources for Emergent collusion Show all concerns 2 sources
Guide citations are still under editorial review. Calvano and colleagues · American Economic Review 2020 · Experimental economic research
Studies Q-learning in a repeated oligopoly model; simulation findings do not prove legal collusion in a specific market.
Evidence notes & 2 linked concerns + Hammond and colleagues · Cooperative AI Foundation 2025 · Research risk framework
Distinguishes miscoordination, conflict and collusion with examples and research; proposed scenarios are not all observed incidents.
Evidence notes & 8 linked concerns +