The evidence behind the guides

Sources

Find a study, check what it supports, and follow it back to a concern.

TopicCollection

Sources for Traumatic content moderation labor

2 sources

Guide citations are still under editorial review.

International Labour Organization Labor research

A new social contract for social media platforms: prioritizing rights and working conditions for content creators and moderators (original source, new tab)

Describes moderator workload, exposure, insecurity, and worker protections; effects vary by job and person.

Fairwork Workplace assessment

Fairwork Appen Report 2025 (original source, new tab)

Assesses one Philippine operation using worker and management evidence, including improvements during assessment. Not an industry-wide judgment.

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