The evidence behind the guides
Sources Find a study, check what it supports, and follow it back to a concern.
TopicAll topics Data Integrity & Provenance Model Performance & Reliability Security & Adversarial Risk Transparency, Explainability & Accountability Agentic & Multi-Agent Risks Infrastructure, Compute & Deployment Environmental & Physical Footprint Discrimination, Fairness & Toxicity Privacy & Surveillance Misinformation, Manipulation & Democracy Malicious Use & Weaponization Human–Computer Interaction Harms Health, Safety & Care Labor, Work & the Economy Education & Knowledge Inequality, Access & Power Culture, Identity & Values Governance & Regulation Rights, Law & Justice Corporate & Enterprise Concerns Power Concentration & Geopolitics AI System Safety & Alignment Catastrophic & Existential Risk CollectionAll sources Cited in concern guides Topic reading Research tools & guidance
Sources for Population shift Show all concerns 2 sources
Guide citations are still under editorial review. Suresh and Guttag · EAAMO 2021 · Research framework
Framework distinguishes historical, representation, measurement, aggregation, learning, evaluation, and deployment bias. These categories can overlap.
Evidence notes & 12 linked concerns + Rabanser, Günnemann and Lipton · NeurIPS 2019 · Research study
Evaluates methods for detecting distribution changes; a detected shift is not automatically a harmful performance change.
Evidence notes & 9 linked concerns +